What is referred to as a major operation where the baby is delivered through an abdominal incision?

The process of delivering a baby through an abdominal incision is known as a Caesarean section, often referred to simply as a C-section. This surgical procedure is categorized into two main types: elective and emergency. In elective Caesarean deliveries, the surgery is planned in advance, typically due to medical reasons or the mother's health preferences, allowing for a controlled environment.

This option is aligned with the definition provided in the question, as it specifies that it is a major operation, highlighting the surgical nature of the delivery. On the other hand, emergency Caesareans are performed when there are immediate concerns for the health of the mother or baby during labor, making them less predictable. Vaginal delivery and forceps delivery are alternate methods of childbirth that do not involve an abdominal incision, which differentiates them from a Caesarean section.