Which type of immunity is transferred from mother to baby through the placenta during pregnancy?

Natural immunity refers to the type of immunity that is acquired through the natural process of life, which includes the maternal transfer of antibodies. During pregnancy, antibodies, particularly immunoglobulin G (IgG), are transferred from the mother to the fetus through the placenta. This process provides the baby with passive immunity, which helps protect the newborn from infections during the early months of life before its immune system is fully developed.

Adaptive immunity, in contrast, involves the body’s specific response to pathogens and typically develops over time as a result of infection or vaccination rather than through maternal transfer. Acquired immunity generally refers to immunity gained after exposure to a specific pathogen, which is not the case here. Innate immunity is the natural defenses present at birth, such as skin and mucous membranes, and does not involve the transfer of antibodies.

Thus, the correct answer aligns with the process of maternal transfer of immunity, emphasizing the significance of natural immunity in the protection of the newborn.